![]() ![]() ![]() Deformation cracks are mainly caused by soil settlement or loads which are too high for the structure. ![]() Other types of reinforcement may include synthetic fibers. This type of concrete is commonly referred to as "reinforced concrete". The most widely used type of reinforcement is the incorporation of steel reinforcement bars in areas exposed to tensile stress. The tensile strength of concrete is only about one 10th of its compressive strength, which is why concrete is almost never used without reinforcement. Shear cracks are perpendicular to the tensile stress.Tensile cracks are perpendicular to the applied force.Cracks due to compression are parallel to the applied force.The location and geometry of the crack on the structure is often characteristic the cause can then be identified by observing the cracks. These forces generate deformation, which can lead to cracking. The forces applied to the structure, tensile, compressive or shear forces to the concrete. The main differences are explained below. However, are cracks all the same? Certainly not! In fact, cracks can be caused by several different factors such as deformation, hydraulic shrinkage, thermal shrinkage or swelling. Cracking is exacerbated by the factor which made concrete so popular: its compatibility with steel, and the ability of reinforced concrete to meet the requirements for an advanced building material. This highlights the unavoidable weakness of concrete: its tendency to crack. Has concrete become perfect over the years? Looking carefully at the many concrete structures that surround us, even including the most recent buildings, we see that not one of these structures is perfectly intact. Since the invention of modern cement by Louis Vicat in 1817, research and development efforts have improved its properties: applications have been improved, mechanical strength and chemical resistance have been increased and new materials such as pre-stressed concrete have been developed. Concrete is the most common building material around the world. ![]()
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